Alexandria’s Battle Against Rising Seas: Safeguarding a Historic Mediterranean Jewel

As global temperatures climb and sea levels continue their upward trajectory, the ancient Egyptian city of Alexandria confronts an unprecedented environmental crisis. Forecasts suggest that by 2100, vast sections of this historic Mediterranean port could be engulfed by water, threatening its cultural heritage and the well-being of its inhabitants. Once renowned as a beacon of knowledge and cross-cultural exchange, Alexandria now stands on the frontline of climate change impacts, wrestling with escalating environmental degradation and urban fragility. This article examines the driving forces behind Alexandria’s vulnerability and considers what lies ahead for one of Africa’s most treasured cities.

How Rising Sea Levels Endanger Alexandria’s Coastal Framework

Alexandria’s coastal infrastructure is increasingly imperiled by rising seas—a phenomenon accelerated by melting polar ice caps and thermal expansion due to global warming. Historically pivotal as Egypt’s gateway to maritime trade, this city faces mounting risks including flooding that threatens residential neighborhoods, commercial hubs, and critical public services.

• Escalating Flood Events: Storm surges combined with higher baseline sea levels are expected to cause more frequent inundations during extreme weather episodes.
• Deterioration of Shorelines: The erosion of beaches not only diminishes recreational areas but…