Emerging ocean-based climate interventions, such as iron fertilization and artificial upwelling, are increasingly capturing the interest of researchers and technologists aiming to curb global warming. However, experts are sounding alarms over the absence of clear regulatory frameworks governing these experimental techniques. Without international agreements or robust oversight mechanisms, there is a significant risk that such interventions could lead to unintended ecological consequences, disrupt marine ecosystems, or exacerbate existing environmental injustices, especially affecting vulnerable coastal communities.

Key concerns raised by scientists include:

  • Lack of transparency: Many pilot projects operate without publicly…